In this tutorial, you will learn all about Sorting in the C++ programming language. Sorting is one of the usual functions for data. It means managing the data in an accurate manner, which can be increasing or decreasing. There is a built-in function in C++ STL (standard template library) by the name of a sort().
C++ Having a number of elements to order, sorting help in managing the elements in the record based on ordering connection. Suppose, a file record holds a lot of information, to access a list from the record it is necessary to have a key field to point to the current position of the element. For example, consider a list of numbers or names on the database, it could be sorted alphabetically. So, Sorting place is a vital role in the field of Computers and technology. For Instance, see more further in this article.
What is Sorting in C++?
Sorting is the primary idea used by the researcher or programmer to sort the inputs data required. The order of difficulty is given by 0(N*log(N)). Sorting an input performs it easier in solving many problems like Searching, Maximum, and Minimum element. While sorting arrays data in the sequence, the performance of the process is very important which is based on two criteria: – Time and memory needed to implement sorting on the given data. Time is measured by computing the relations of keys used. There are several algorithms available to sort. In usual, Sorting in C++ are classified into two types:
- Internal Sorting.
- External Sorting.
Internal Sorting.
In internal sorting the data which has to be sorted will be in the main memory always, importing faster access. Complete sorting will happen in the main memory. So, Insertion sort, quick sort, heap sort, radix sort can be used for internal sorting.
External Sorting.
External sorting is a term for a class of sorting algorithms that can control huge amounts of data. It is needed when the data being sorted don’t become into the main memory of a computing device [ usually RAM ] and rather they must continue in the slower external memory [usually a hard drive]. It generally does a hybrid sort-merge strategy. So, In the sorting stage, pieces of data short enough to fit in the main memory are read, sorted, and written out to a temporary file. However, In the merge stage, the sorted sub-files are merged into a single bigger file.
Syntax of Sorting:
C++ uses sort () built-in function for their algorithms, to sort the containers like vectors and arrays. So, see below syntax.
Sort (array , array +size);
Example:
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
vector<int> v = {3, 1, 4, 2, 5};
cout<<"Before sorting: ";
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), [](int x) {
cout << x << " ";
});
sort(v.begin(), v.end());
cout<<"\nAfter sorting: ";
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), [](int x) {
cout << x << " ";
});
return 0;
}